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ISO(International Organization for Standardization)ÀÇ ¼³¸³¸ñÀûÀº »óÇ° ¹× ¿ë¿ªÀÇ ±¹Á¦Àû ±³È¯À» ÃËÁøÇÏ°í ÁöÀû, Çй®Àû, ±â¼úÀû, °æÁ¦Àû È°µ¿ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ÀÇ Çù·ÂÁõÁøÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ±¹Á¦Ç¥ÁØÈ­ ¹× °ü·ÃÈ°µ¿ÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ» ÃËÁø½ÃÅ°´Â µ¥ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ISO´Â Ç¥ÁØ ¹× °ü·ÃÈ°µ¿ÀÇ ¼¼°èÀû Á¶È­¸¦ ÃËÁøÇÏ°í, ±¹Á¦±Ô°ÝÀ» °³¹ß¤ý¹ßÇàÇϸç, ȸ¿ø±â°ü°ú °ü·Ã ±¹Á¦±â±¸¿ÍÀÇ Çù·ÂÀ» µµ¸ðÇÑ´Ù.
ISO´Â ºñÁ¤ºÎ±â±¸·Î¼­ ½ºÀ§½º ¹Î¹ý Á¦60Á¶¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ¼³¸³µÈ »ç´Ü¹ýÀÎÀÌ´Ù.
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1944³â¿¡ 18°³ ¿¬ÇÕ±¹ÀÇ ±¹°¡Ç¥ÁØ´Üü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±¸¼ºµÈ ±¹Á¦¿¬ÇÕ ±Ô°ÝÁ¶Á¤À§¿øȸ(UNSCC)°¡ ISAÀÇ ¾÷¹«¸¦ Àΰè¹Þ¾Æ È°µ¿À» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. UNSCC À§¿øȸ´Â 1946³â 10¿ù 14ÀÏ ·±´ø¿¡¼­ ȸÀǸ¦ °³ÃÖÇÏ°í °ø¾÷±Ô°ÝÀÇ ±¹Á¦Àû ÅëÀÏ°ú Á¶Á¤ÀÇ ÃËÁøÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ±¹Á¦±â°üÀ» ¼³¸³ÇÒ °Í¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±× °á°ú ISO ⸳À» À§ÇÑ Á¦1ȸ ÀÓ½ÃÃÑȸ°¡ 1946³â 10¿ù 24ÀÏ ·±´ø¿¡¼­ °³ÃֵǾúÀ¸¸ç, 1947³â 2¿ù 23ÀÏ¿¡ ISO°¡ Á¤½ÄÀ¸·Î ¹ßÁ·µÇ¾ú´Ù.

ISOÀÇ È¸¿øÀ¸·Î´Â ÇÑ ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ÇϳªÀÇ Ç¥Áرâ°ü¸¸ÀÌ È¸¿øÀÚ°ÝÀ» ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
ISO ȸ¿ø¿¡´Â Á¤È¸¿ø(Member Body), Åë½Åȸ¿ø(Correspondent Member), °£Ç๰ ±¸µ¶È¸¿ø(Subscriber Member)ÀÇ 3Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
Åë½Åȸ¿ø°ú °£Ç๰ ±¸µ¶È¸¿øÀº ISOÀÇ Á¦¹Ý ¾÷¹«¿¡ À־ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ¹®¼­¸¸ ÀϺΠ¹Þ¾Æº¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¿ì¸®³ª¶ó´Â 1963³â 6¿ù °ø¾÷ÁøÈïû(Çö ±â¼úÇ¥ÁØ¿ø)ÀÌ ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ ´ëÇ¥±â°üÀ¸·Î ISO¿¡ °¡ÀÔÇÏ¿© ÇöÀç¿¡ À̸£°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±¹Á¦Ç¥ÁØÈ­ È°µ¿À» Àû±Ø ÃßÁøÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© 1985³â¿¡ ISO ±â¼úÀ§¿øȸ¸¦ ½Å¼³ÇÏ¿© ±¹Á¦±Ô°Ý¾È(DIS£ºDraft International Standard)À» ½ÉÀÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

ISOÀÇ ÀçÁ¤Àº ȸ¿ø±¹ ºÎ´ã±Ý ¹× ±âºÎ±Ý¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Ãæ´çµÈ´Ù. ȸ°è¿¬µµ´Â ¿ª³âÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
°¢ ȸ¿ø±¹ÀÇ ¿¬Â÷ºÎ´ã±ÝÀº ISO À繫°üÀÇ °ÇÀÇ¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÌ»çȸ¿¡¼­ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ISOÀÇ ¿¹»ê±Ô¸ð´Â ¿¬°£ ¾à 130¹é¸¸ ½ºÀ§½º ÇÁ¶ûÀ̸ç, TC/SC °£»ç±â°ü(¼öÀÔÃѾ×ÀÇ 80%)°ú ȸ¿ø±¹ ºÎ´ã±Ý ¹× °£Ç๰ ÆǸżöÀÔ(¼öÀÔÃѾ×ÀÇ 20%)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Ãæ´çµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¹»êÀº ´ëºÎºÐ ±â¼úÀû ¾÷¹«È°µ¿À» À§Çؼ­ ÁöÃâµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ISO 9000ÀÇ È¿°úÀûÀÎ Á¢±ÙÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °æ¿µÈ¿°ú¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
- °í°´ Áß½ÉÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç°í¿Í Çൿ º¯È­¸¦ ÅëÇÑ Á¶Á÷·Â °­È­
- ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º ºÐ¼®, Æò°¡ ¹× °³¼±À» ÅëÇÑ ¿ø°¡Àý°¨ ¹× »ý»ê¼º Çâ»ó
- öÀúÇÑ ¸ñÇ¥°ü¸®¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ¼º°úÁß½ÉÀÇ Ç°Áú°æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÀÌÇà
- ÇÁ·Î¼¼½ºÀÇ È¿°úÀûÀÎ °ü¸®¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ºÎÀûÇÕÀ» ¿¹¹æ
- °¨¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤¿¡¼­ öÀúÇÑ ±â·Ï(°æÇâ) ºÐ¼®À» ÅëÇÑ ÇÕ¸®Àû ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ µµ¸ð
- Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ½Å·Ú¿Í ±â¾÷ À̹ÌÁö Çâ»óÀ¸·Î ´ë¿Ü°æÀï·Â °­È­
ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º Á¢±Ù¹æ½ÄÀÇ Ç°Áú°æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛ
ÇöÀç Àû¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ISO 9000:2000Àº ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀÇ Ç°Áú°æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛ ±¸Ãà ¹× ÀÌÇà¿¡ Focus¸¦ ¸ÂÃß°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Á¶Á÷ÀÇ °æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ¼ö¸¹Àº ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º°£ÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ Çü¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º ¸¶´Ù °á°úÀÇ Ãâ·ÂÀÌ ÀǵµµÈ °á°ú¸¦ ´Þ¼ºÇÑ´Ù¸é, °í°´¿¡°Ô Á¦°øµÇ´Â ÃÖÁ¾ Á¦Ç° ¹× ¼­ºñ½º°¡ °í°´¸¸Á·À» ´Þ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶õ ÀÌ·ÐÀû ¹è°æ¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÑ °æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ´Ù.
ISO 9000:2000 QMSÀÇ ±¸Á¶Àû ¸ðµ¨¸µÀº ±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Ç°Áú°æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º°¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ±â¹Ý¿¡ ³õ¿©Áú ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
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Ç°Áú°æ¿µ 8´ë ¿øÄ¢
ISO 9001:2000 ±Ô°ÝÀº Á¶Á÷À» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î À̲ø°í ¿î¿µÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ¿ä±¸µÇ´Â Ç°Áú°æ¿µÀÇ 8¿øÄ¢(Quality Management Principles) À» µµÀÔÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
¿øÄ¢ 1 Customer focus - °í°´¿¡°Ô ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃá Á¶Á÷
¿øÄ¢ 2 Leadership - ¸®´õ½±
¿øÄ¢ 3 Involvement of people - Àü¿ø Âü¿©
¿øÄ¢ 4 Process approach - ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º Á¢±Ù¹æ¹ý
¿øÄ¢ 5 System approach to management - °æ¿µ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ Á¢±Ù¹æ¹ý
¿øÄ¢ 6 Continual improvement - Áö¼ÓÀû °³¼±
¿øÄ¢ 7 Factual approach to decision making - ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç½ÇÀû Á¢±Ù
¿øÄ¢ 8 Mutually beneficial supplier relationship - »óÈ£ ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÇ´Â °ø±ÞÀÚ °ü°è
ISO 9001:2000ÀÇ ¿ä°Ç °³¿ä
ISO 9001:2000 ±Ô°ÝÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ³»¿ëÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
4. Ç°Áú°æ¿µ½Ã½ºÅÛ [Quality management system]
4.1 ÀÏ¹Ý ¿ä±¸»çÇ× [General requirements]
4.2 ¹®¼­È­ ¿ä±¸»çÇ× [Documentation requirements]
5. °æ¿µÃ¥ÀÓ [Management responsibility]
5.1 °æ¿µ ÀÇÁö [Management commitment]
5.2 °í°´ Á᫐ [Customer focus]
5.3 Ç°Áú¹æħ [Quality policy]
5.4 ±âȹ [Planning]
5.5 Ã¥ÀÓ, ±ÇÇÑ ¹× ÀÇ»ç¼ÒÅë [Responsibility, authority and communication]
52.6 °æ¿µ °ËÅä [Management review]
6. ÀÚ¿ø°ü¸® [Resource management]
6.2 ÀÚ¿ø È®º¸ [Provisions of resources]
6.2 ÀÎÀûÀÚ¿ø [Human resources]
6.3 ±â¹Ý±¸Á¶ [Infrastructure]
6.4 ¾÷¹«È¯°æ [Work environment]
7. Á¦Ç° ½ÇÇö [Product realization]
7.1 Á¦Ç°½ÇÇö ±âȹ [Planning of product realization]
7.2 °í°´ °ü·Ã ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º [Customer-related processes]
7.3 ¼³°è ¹× °³¹ß [Design and development]
7.4 ±¸¸Å [Purchasing]
7.5 »ý»ê ¹× ¼­ºñ½º ¿î¿µ [Production and service operations]
7.6 ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀåÄ¡ ¹× ÃøÁ¤ÀåÄ¡ÀÇ °ü¸® [Control of monitoring and measuring devices]
8. ÃøÁ¤, ºÐ¼® ¹× °³¼± [Measurement, analysis and improvement]
8.1 ÀϹݻçÇ× [General]
8.2 ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ ¹× ÃøÁ¤ [Monitoring and measurement]
8.3 ºÎÀûÇÕÁ¦Ç°ÀÇ °ü¸® [Control of nonconforming product]
8.4 µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ ºÐ¼® [Analysis of data]
8.5 °³¼± [Improvement]
 
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